Compare ebook, paperback, and hardcover earnings across Amazon KDP, IngramSpark, and Apple Books using a cleaner interface built for real pricing decisions.
25k+authors served
2026rates updated
5 marketsregional comparisons
How it works
The flow should be simple enough to use quickly and structured enough to produce a useful publishing decision.
Step 1
Set the pricing input
Enter list price and book format so the calculation starts from the same commercial assumptions retailers use.
Step 2
Add print complexity
Use page count and format-specific details to estimate realistic print costs instead of generic averages.
Step 3
Choose the royalty structure
Model 35% vs 70% ebook outcomes or compare standard print splits across major self-publishing channels.
Step 4
Project the sales case
Layer in expected sales volume so the result becomes a business decision, not just a per-unit number.
FAQ
Royalty calculator questions authors usually ask
Next step
Now you know the math — the next move is execution.
If the numbers work, the bottleneck is usually formatting. Our automated tool turns DOCX into a Kindle-ready EPUB for £9.99 (or £49 with revision) — same engine behind 10,000+ HMD books, just automated. For complex projects, see the full publishing service.
Modeled monthly band: 30–60 (±60% via bsr-velocity-v1). Override below if you have your own benchmark.
70% requires pricing $2.99–$9.99 in US
Delivery cost: $0.30/sale at 70% royalty
KDP Select / Kindle Unlimited
Estimated Annual Earnings
$8,392
Best platform · 100 sales/mo
Best per-sale royalty: $6.99 on Apple Books (eBook)
Range across all platforms: $1,313 – $8,392/yr
Top result preview:
Amazon KDP eBook: ~$669.30/mo
Platform Breakdown
Amazon KDP
eBook
70% royalty
Per Sale:$6.69
Monthly:$669.30
Annual:$8,031.60
Delivery Cost:-$0.30
Amazon KDP
Paperback
60% royalty
Per Sale:$1.99
Monthly:$199.40
Annual:$2,392.80
Print Cost:-$4.00
IngramSpark
Paperback
55% royalty
Per Sale:$1.09
Monthly:$109.45
Annual:$1,313.40
Print Cost:-$4.40
Apple Books
eBook
70% royalty
Per Sale:$6.99
Monthly:$699.30
Annual:$8,391.60
Barnes & Noble
eBook
65% royalty
Per Sale:$6.49
Monthly:$649.35
Annual:$7,792.20
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Important Note
Estimates use published KDP royalty rates as of June 2025 (50% for paperbacks priced at or below the US threshold). Actual earnings vary based on delivery costs, exchange rates, and platform terms. Print costs are approximations for black & white interiors.
Frequently Asked Questions
Everything you need to know about book royalties, KDP earnings, and self-publishing profits
How are Amazon KDP royalties calculated?
Amazon KDP calculates ebook royalties as a percentage of your list price minus delivery costs (for 70% royalty). For paperbacks and hardcovers, the formula is: (List Price × Royalty Rate) - Printing Cost = Your Royalty. Since June 2025, the print royalty rate is tiered: 60% for books priced at $9.99/£7.99 or above, and 50% for books priced below that threshold. The 70% ebook royalty option is available for ebooks priced between $2.99-$9.99, while the 35% option applies to all price points.
What's the difference between 35% and 70% KDP royalty?
The 70% royalty requires pricing your ebook between $2.99-$9.99 and includes a delivery cost deduction based on file size. The 35% royalty has no price restrictions and no delivery costs. The 70% option also has territory restrictions, while 35% is available globally. Most authors earn more with 70% despite the delivery fee.
How much do self-published authors make per book?
Self-published ebook authors typically earn $2-$7 per sale depending on price and royalty rate. Paperback authors earn $2-$6 per sale after print costs. At a $4.99 ebook price with 70% royalty, you earn approximately $3.44 per sale. A $14.99 paperback with 200 pages earns roughly $5.59 after printing costs.
What is Amazon's print cost for paperbacks?
Amazon KDP calculates print costs using: Fixed Cost ($0.85) + Per-Page Cost × Page Count. For black & white interiors, the per-page cost is $0.012. A 200-page B&W book costs $3.25 to print. Color printing costs $0.0255-$0.065 per page depending on quality.
Which KDP royalty option should I choose - 35% or 70%?
Choose 70% if your ebook is priced $2.99-$9.99 and your file size is reasonable (under 10MB). The 70% option almost always earns more despite delivery fees. Choose 35% if you're pricing under $2.99 (loss leaders), over $9.99, or targeting countries outside the 70% territories.
How do ebook royalties differ from paperback royalties?
Ebook royalties are straightforward percentage calculations (35% or 70% of list price minus small delivery fees). Paperback and hardcover royalties use a tiered rate (50% below the $9.99 threshold, 60% at $9.99+) with printing costs deducted. Ebooks have no manufacturing cost, so margins are higher. A $9.99 ebook at 70% earns ~$6.96, while a $14.99 paperback earns ~$5.59 after print costs.
What factors affect my book royalty earnings?
Key factors include: list price (higher prices mean higher royalties per sale but may reduce volume), royalty rate selection (35% vs 70%), file size for ebooks (affects delivery costs), page count and ink type for paperbacks (affects print costs), marketplace (different rates by country), and distribution channel.
How do international sales affect KDP royalties?
International sales involve currency conversion at Amazon's exchange rates. The 70% royalty is only available in certain territories (US, UK, DE, FR, ES, IT, NL, JP, BR, MX, CA, AU). Other territories default to 35%. Print costs also vary by marketplace.
What's a good profit margin for self-published books?
Good profit margins are 50-70% for ebooks and 25-40% for paperbacks. For ebooks at $4.99 with 70% royalty, your margin is about 69%. For paperbacks, aim for at least $4-5 profit per sale. Price your paperback at 3-4× the print cost for healthy margins.
How can I maximize my book royalties?
Maximize royalties by: pricing ebooks in the $2.99-$9.99 sweet spot for 70% royalty, optimizing file size to reduce delivery costs, formatting efficiently to minimize paperback page count, using black & white interiors when possible, and publishing across multiple platforms (KDP, Apple, IngramSpark).
How much does Amazon KDP pay per book sold?
Amazon KDP pays 35% or 70% royalties on ebooks depending on price. For a $9.99 ebook at 70%, you earn approximately $6.99 minus delivery costs (typically $0.06–$0.30 depending on file size). For paperbacks, you earn a tiered royalty rate (60% at $9.99+, 50% below) minus printing costs. A 300-page black and white paperback priced at $14.99 earns approximately $4.54 per sale.
What is the KDP royalty rate for UK authors?
UK authors publishing on Amazon.co.uk earn the same 35% or 70% royalty rates as US authors, but in GBP. The 70% rate applies to ebooks priced between £1.99 and £9.99, with a delivery cost of £0.10 per MB. Paperback royalties are 60% of the list price minus UK printing costs (approximately £0.70 fixed plus £0.010 per page for black and white).
How do Kindle Unlimited author earnings work?
Kindle Unlimited pays authors based on pages read (KENP — Kindle Edition Normalized Pages). Amazon sets a monthly KDP Select Global Fund and divides it by total pages read across all KU books. The rate fluctuates monthly, typically between $0.004 and $0.005 per page. A 300-page book read completely earns approximately $1.35 at $0.0045/page. Authors must be enrolled in KDP Select (exclusive to Amazon) to receive KU earnings.
Should I use KDP Select or publish wide?
KDP Select gives you access to Kindle Unlimited earnings and promotional tools (free days, Countdown Deals), but requires exclusivity to Amazon for 90 days. Publishing wide (Amazon + IngramSpark + Apple Books + others) reaches more readers but loses KU income. Fiction authors with series often benefit from KDP Select due to high KU readership. Non-fiction authors typically earn more publishing wide.
How are Amazon KDP paperback royalties calculated?
KDP paperback royalties are calculated as: (List Price × Royalty Rate) − Printing Cost. Since June 2025, the royalty rate is tiered: 60% for books priced at $9.99 USD or above, and 50% for books below that threshold. Printing cost for a black and white paperback is $0.85 fixed plus $0.012 per page. A 300-page B&W paperback has a print cost of approximately $4.45.
How much does it cost to print a book on Amazon KDP?
Amazon KDP paperback printing costs consist of a fixed cost plus a per-page cost. For black and white interior (US): $0.85 fixed + $0.012 per page. For color interior: $0.85 fixed + $0.07 per page. A 200-page B&W book costs $3.25 to print. A 300-page B&W book costs $4.45. Hardcover printing starts at $6.32 fixed plus $0.012 per page for B&W.
What royalties does IngramSpark pay compared to Amazon KDP?
IngramSpark pays 55% of the list price minus printing costs for paperbacks, compared to KDP's 60%. IngramSpark's printing costs are similar to KDP. The key advantage of IngramSpark is distribution to bookstores, libraries, and international retailers — channels KDP does not reach. Many authors use both: KDP for Amazon sales and IngramSpark for expanded distribution.
What is the best price for a self-published ebook?
The optimal price for most self-published ebooks is $2.99 to $9.99 to qualify for the 70% KDP royalty rate. Within this range, $3.99 to $4.99 typically balances per-sale earnings with sales volume. Non-fiction and business books often command $7.99 to $9.99. Fiction series commonly price book 1 at $0.99 or free to drive series sales.
How do I calculate my annual book royalty earnings?
Annual book royalty earnings = (monthly sales × net royalty per sale × 12) + Kindle Unlimited earnings. Net royalty per sale depends on format and platform: for a $9.99 KDP ebook at 70%, net royalty is approximately $6.99 minus delivery cost. For a $14.99 paperback (300 pages, B&W), net royalty is approximately $4.54. Add KU earnings if enrolled in KDP Select: monthly pages read × KENP rate (approximately $0.0045).
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